## Lesson Plan: Hard and Soft 'G' and 'C'
### Subject: Phonics
### Grade Level: Primary 1 (Kindergarten/First Grade)
### Duration: 45 minutes
### Topic: Hard and Soft 'G' and 'C'
---
### Learning Objectives:
1. Students will recognize the hard and soft sounds of the letters 'G' and 'C'.
2. Students will differentiate between hard and soft 'G' and 'C' sounds.
3. Students will apply their understanding to read words containing hard and soft 'G' and 'C'.
### Materials:
- Flashcards with words containing hard and soft 'G' and 'C' (e.g., "goat," "gem," "cat," "circle")
- Whiteboard and markers
- Printed worksheets with sorting activities
- Audio clips of words for listening exercise
- Picture books with examples of hard and soft 'G' and 'C'
- Phonics songs or videos for engagement
### Procedure:
#### Introduction (10 minutes)
1. **Greeting and Warm-Up:**
- Greet the students and have them sit in a circle.
- Sing a simple phonics song focusing on the alphabet to grab their attention.
2. **Introduce the Topic:**
- Explain that today they will learn about two special sounds made by the letters 'G' and 'C'.
- Use flashcards with pictures and words to illustrate the hard and soft sounds (e.g., "goat" vs. "gem," "cat" vs. "circle").
#### Direct Instruction (15 minutes)
3. **Explain Hard and Soft 'G':**
- Write the letters 'G' on the board.
- Explain that 'G' makes a hard sound /g/ as in "goat" and a soft sound /j/ as in "gem."
- Show and repeat examples with the class. Have students say the words aloud with you.
4. **Explain Hard and Soft 'C':**
- Write the letters 'C' on the board.
- Explain that 'C' makes a hard sound /k/ as in "cat" and a soft sound /s/ as in "circle."
- Show and repeat examples with the class. Have students say the words aloud with you.
5. **Interactive Practice:**
- Play an audio clip that includes words with both hard and soft 'G' and 'C'.
- Ask students to listen carefully and raise their hands when they hear a word with a soft or hard sound.
#### Guided Practice (10 minutes)
6. **Sorting Activity:**
- Distribute flashcards to the students, some containing words with hard 'G' and 'C' and others with soft 'G' and 'C'.
- Have a sorting board or sheet with two columns for hard and soft sounds.
- Guide students as they come up one by one to place their card in the correct column.
7. **Worksheet Exercise:**
- Provide a worksheet with pictures and words. Ask students to circle the words with hard 'G' in blue, soft 'G' in red, hard 'C' in green, and soft 'C' in yellow.
#### Independent Practice (5 minutes)
8. **Reading Practice:**
- Allow students to choose a simple picture book that contains words with hard and soft 'G' and 'C'.
- In pairs, have them read aloud to each other and identify the hard and soft sounds.
#### Closing (5 minutes)
9. **Review and Reflect:**
- Summarize the key points of the lesson.
- Ask students to share any new word they learned with a hard or soft 'G' or 'C'.
- Sing a phonics song that contains examples of the sounds learned today.
10. **Homework:**
- Send home a worksheet with a simple matching or sorting activity for students to practice identifying hard and soft sounds.
### Assessment:
- Observe students during the sorting and reading activities to gauge their understanding.
- Collect and review the worksheets to see if they correctly identified the hard and soft sounds.
### Modifications:
- For struggling students, provide additional one-on-one practice with the teacher or a teaching assistant.
- For advanced students, offer more complex words to challenge their understanding.
---
### Reflection:
- After the lesson, reflect on what worked well and what could be improved.
- Take note of students who might need extra help or those who showed proficiency and might need more challenging tasks in the future.
---
This lesson plan aims to be engaging and interactive, catering to different learning styles while providing a clear understanding of the hard and soft sounds of 'G' and 'C'.